ICCPS 2024|薛澜教授：人工智能背景下的公共政策

2024年6月15日，首届中国公共政策研究国际学术会议在北京师范大学英东学术会堂隆重召开，本次会议汇聚了全球公共政策领域的专家学者，共同探讨全球视野下的中国公共政策研究的理论与实践前沿问题。国务院学位委员会公共管理学科评议组联合召集人、清华大学苏世民书院院长薛澜教授围绕“人工智能背景下的公共政策”主题发表了精彩的演讲。

薛澜教授在回顾人工智能发展历程基础上，提出了人工智能背景下公共政策研究的两个重要议题：“为了人工智能发展的公共政策（Public Policy for AI）”和“用于公共政策的人工智能（AI for Public Policy）”。

首先，推动人工智能发展的公共政策，需要兼顾推进科技创新与治理优化。推进科技创新的政策既包括涉及数据、算法和算力相关的政策；也包括人工智能应用中的治理政策。

其次，为了人工智能发展的公共政策还包括消除人工智能可能带来的风险。包括技术层面风险、伦理层面风险、社会层面风险及治理层面风险。此外，薛教授还重点提到人工智能发展中的数据隐私与数据跨境流动的问题，以及大模型中算法与算力等所面临的挑战。

另一类议题是用于公共政策的人工智能。薛教授进一步指出了人工智能在公共政策分析与公共政策过程中的应用及影响。这些内容包括公共政策分析中的人工智能应用、人工智能应用对于公共政策体系的重塑、以及公共政策过程中应用人工智能技术的风险防范。

薛教授结合丰富的案例，生动展示了人工智能背景下公共政策的复杂性和挑战性，并就如何应对人工智能发展风险和重塑人工智能背景下公共政策体系提出了切实可行的建议，引发了我们在未来长期发展中对于有关人工智能治理问题的持续关注和探讨。最后，薛教授对公共政策研究者积极探索并拓展该领域研究表达了殷切的鼓励和期待。

The First International Academic Conference on Chinese Public Policy Research was held in Yingdong Academic Hall of Beijing Normal University on June 15, 2024, which gathered experts and scholars in the field of public policy from all over the world to discuss the theoretical and practical frontiers of Chinese public policy research under the global perspective. Prof. Lan Xue, co-convener of the Public Administration Discipline Review Group of the Academic Degrees Committee of the State Council and Dean of Schwarzman College, Tsinghua University, delivered a speech on the theme of "Public Policy in the Context of Artificial Intelligence".

Based on the review of the development history of AI, Prof. Lan Xue put forward two important topics for public policy research in the context of AI: "Public Policy for AI" and "AI for Public Policy".

First and foremost, public policies promoting the development of artificial intelligence need to balance advancing technological innovation with optimizing governance. Policies promoting technological innovation include those related to data, algorithms, and computing power, as well as governance policies concerning the application of artificial intelligence.

Secondly, public policies for the development of artificial intelligence also need to address potential risks, including technological, ethical, social, and governance risks. In addition, Professor Xue emphasized issues related to data privacy and cross-border data flow in AI development, as well as the challenges concerning algorithms and computing power in large models.

Another category of topics was artificial intelligence for public policy. Prof. Xue pointed out the application and impact of AI in public policy analysis and public policy process. These include the application of LLM in public policy analysis, the reshaping of the public policy system by the application of AI, and the risk prevention of the application of AI technology in the public policy process.

Professor Xue, with a rich array of case studies, vividly demonstrated the complexity and challenges of public policy in the broad context of artificial intelligence, and proposed practical suggestions on how to address the risks of artificial intelligence development and reshape the public policy system under the background of artificial intelligence, which has sparked our continuous attention and discussion on issues related to the governance of artificial intelligence in the long-term development. Finally, Professor Xue expressed his encouragement and expectation for public policy researchers to actively explore and expand research in this field.

薛澜，国家文科一级教授，清华大学苏世民书院院长，公共管理学院学术委员会主任及人工智能国际治理研究院院长。主要研究方向为科技创新政策、应急管理、全球治理等。在这些领域多有著述。他同时还担任国务院参事，中国科协常委，国务院公共管理学科评议组联合召集人，国家新一代人工智能治理专家委员会主任，卡内基梅隆大学兼职教授、布鲁金斯学会非常任高级研究员，联合国公共行政委员会委员，联合国互联网治理领导小组成员等兼职。曾获国家自然科学基金委员会杰出青年基金，教育部“长江学者”特聘教授，复旦管理学杰出贡献奖、科学学与科技政策研究会杰出贡献奖、第二届全国创新争先奖章等。

Dr. Xue Lan is a distinguished Chair Professor and the Dean of Schwarzman College at Tsinghua University, where he also serves as the Director of the Institute for AI International Governance. His teaching and research interests include global governance, crisis management, and science, technology, and innovation policy. Currently, he also serves as a Counsellor of the State Council, the chair of China’s National Expert Committee on Next Generation AI governance, and a member of the Standing Committee of the Chinese Association of Science and Technology. He is an adjunct professor at Carnegie Mellon University, a non-resident senior fellow of the Brookings Institution, and a member of the UN CEPA and IGF Leadership Panel. Dr. Xue is a recipient of the Distinguished Young Scholar Award from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the Cheung Kong Chair Distinguished Professor of the Ministry of Education, the Fudan Distinguished Contribution Award for Management Science, the Distinguished Contribution Award from the Chinese Association for Science of Science and S&T Policy, and the Second National Award for Excellence in Innovation in China.