如果你喜欢的明星性侵、性骚扰，或是吸毒，或是婚内出轨，或者人设倒塌，你还会继续支持ta么？你还会继续看ta的电影，听ta的歌么？如果ta道歉，怎么程度的道歉你才能接受？如果你还是决定继续支持ta，你会告诉你的朋友么？如果是凯文史派西大叔，你会继续看纸牌屋么？
明星吸毒出轨性侵，你还会支持ta的作品么
作者：Hannah Jane Parkinson
译者：尹子梦
校对：
王乐颖
词汇：
李林治
策划：朱雨晴
Kevin Spacey deserves to be scorned. But can I still watch House of Cards?
凯文·史派西该遭人唾弃。但我还能看《纸牌屋》吗？
本文选自
The Guardian
| 取经号原创翻译
关注 取经号，
回复关键词“外刊”
获取《经济学人》等原版外刊获得方法
What if I told you that one of my favourite writers was a
misogynist
? One of my favourite musicians a racist? One of my favourite artists a murderer?
如果我告诉你，我最喜欢的作家之一
厌恶女性
，最喜欢的音乐家之一种族歧视，最喜欢的画家之一是谋杀犯，你会怎样？
These are questions I’ve been struggling with in the wake of scandals involving film producer Harvey Weinstein and actor Kevin Spacey, who this week addressed rumours he sexually propositioned a 14-year-old. Filming has been suspended on the sixth and final season of House of Cards, in which Spacey plays a ruthless president. I’ve been considering whether, if the final season goes ahead, it would be acceptable to watch it, and whether it is still possible to enjoy Spacey in the earlier series of one of Netflix’s most successful original programmes.
制片人哈维·韦恩斯坦和演员凯文·史派西丑闻爆出后（本周有流言称史派西曾性骚扰一名14岁的少年），我就一直纠结于这些问题。史派西在《纸牌屋》中饰演一个残酷无情的总统，该剧第六季也是最后一季的制作遭到暂停。《纸牌屋》是Netflix最成功的原创剧之一，我一直在想，如果最后一季的制作继续，观众还可不可以去看第六季，还能不能继续欣赏前几季里史派西的演技。
When it comes to moral
transgressions
, is it possible to separate the artist from the art; and should we try? Does it depend on how extreme the ethical boundaries breached are (rape, murder?) or is it the quality of the art that matters, or how closely connected with a particular work the transgressor might be? Do we allow for archaic bad behaviour,
mitigate
for different times? If we cease to allow artists to continue working after exposure, should we also stop appreciating their oeuvre?
当谈及
违背
道德，是否可能把艺术家与艺术区别开来？我们应该这样做吗？这是取决道德行为不端的程度（强奸、谋杀？）还是艺术质量的好坏？或者取决于违背道德的本人与其工作密切相关程度？我们能容忍他们过去的不良行为，并随时间推移
平息
怒火吗？如果我们不允许艺术家在被曝光后继续工作，那我们也应该不再欣赏他们的全部作品了吗？
transgression
n.the committing of acts that violate a law, command, or moral code 越界
mitigate
v. make (sth) less severe, violent or painful; moderate 使（某事物）减轻, 和缓; 节制
After the true
monstrosity
of Weinstein’s behaviour was made public, I was pleased to see that he had been tossed into the trash. Good, I thought. May he never work again. But I am furious that while Weinstein has been
summarily
condemned, Roman Polanski – who raped a 13-year-old, let us not forget – has continued to work and won an Academy Award as recently as 2003. Woody Allen was investigated for the sexual abuse of his adopted daughter, Dylan Farrow. Farrow has written a detailed open letter to the New York Times on her experiences. The issue with Allen, however, is apparently the decreasing quality of his films rather than the fact he may have abused Farrow (and married his former wife’s adoptive daughter).
在韦恩斯坦的
重磅丑闻
曝光后，看到他被人视作过街老鼠，我十分高兴。我认为那样很好，因为他可能无法再工作了。但让我生气的是，虽然韦恩斯坦被
突然
谴责，但曾强奸过13岁儿童的罗曼·波兰斯基还在继续工作，最近还在2003年获得了奥斯卡奖。伍迪·艾伦曾因性侵养女迪伦·法罗而遭到调查。法罗曾在《纽约时报》刊登过一封公开信，详细描述了自己的经历。但很显然，人们对艾伦的关注重点是他下降的电影质量，而不是他可能真的侵犯过法罗这一事实（以及他娶了前妻的养女）。
monstrosity
n.something large and ugly 巨大而丑陋之物
If the punishment for Weinstein is that he never works again, should I no longer appreciate the films he produced early on in his career, such as Pulp Fiction? Perhaps it’s OK; he just funded those films, he was not a key creative. But this wouldn’t hold true for Allen’s films. Should I never mention that Polanski’s The Pianist is a very beautiful film, or that Rosemary’s Baby was influential?
如果对韦恩斯坦的惩罚是永不再让他工作，那我就不该欣赏他职业生涯早期制作的电影（比如《低俗小说》）了吗？应该可以继续看，因为他只是给那些影片投资，并非主创人员。但这样的说法，放到艾伦什么就站不脚了。难道我也不该再说波兰斯基的《钢琴家》是部美妙的电影，他的《罗丝玛丽的婴儿》十分有影响力了吗？
Wondering whether it makes a difference if the artist’s morals and personality are
entwined
in their work, I ask David Carr, professor of ethics and education at the University of Birmingham. He tells me that while some schools of thought maintain that art is never moral, merely
aesthetic
, many artworks do have a moral element. “Much art, and especially narrative art, clearly has such a purpose,” he says. He suggests a Kandinsky abstract painting has no moral purpose, and asks, if artists we enjoy claim no moral content or purpose to their work: “Why can we not enjoy it without worrying whether they were good or bad people?”
我想知道，如果艺术家的道德和人品与他们的工作紧紧
绑
在一起，是否会有不同结果。为此，我询问了伯明翰大学伦理学和教育学教授大卫·卡尔。他告诉我，虽然一些思想流派认为艺术向来无关道德，只关乎于
美感
，但许多艺术作品的确存在道德因素。“许多艺术，特别是叙事艺术，有很明显的道德目的，”他说。他认为康丁斯基的抽象画没有道德目的，并且询问我们喜欢的艺术家是否宣称自己的作品中没有道德内容或道德目的，他问：“为什么我们不能只欣赏作品，而不在意作者的品德？”
entwine
v.wind one thing with or round another 缠绕; 挽; 搂
This is something I find myself agreeing with. It is much easier to take a stand against a morally
dubious
work of art than the artist. Although works that, in Carr’s words, make a “profound moral statement”, such as Picasso’s Spanish civil war painting Guernica, make it more difficult not to
scrutinise
the artist’s life and values.
我也赞同这一观点，反对
可能
有违道德的艺术作品，要比反对艺术家简单许多。即使用卡尔的话来说，有“深刻道德意义”的作品（比如毕加索表现西班牙内战的《格尔尼卡》）会更难让人不
细究
艺术家的生平和价值观。
dubious
adj. not certain and slightly suspicious about sth; doubtful 半信半疑; 可疑
scrutinise
v. look at or examine (sth) carefully or thoroughly 仔细或彻底检查（某事物)
Picasso existed in a time and place when attitudes were different. Perhaps we should regard artists as products of their times, but then a part of me thinks that nothing ever changed when good people did nothing. Ezra Pound is a favourite poet of mine, but a racist. Alfred Hitchcock, whose early films I admire, is an acknowledged abuser of women. At the extreme end is my uncomfortable love of
neoclassical
architecture or in the Italian, classicismo. On a trip last year to Leros in the Dodecanese I was fascinated by the Mussolini-era port of Lakki. Zigzag roofs. Sweeping curves on an old cinema. But this is the art that fascism was literally built on. It’s why no coffee table books are dedicated to
Albert Speer
.
毕加索所处的年代，人们的态度与看法都与我们现在不同。也许我们应该把艺术家当做是他们所处时代的产物，但我心里也在想，如果好人不曾有所作为，那么一切都不会改变。埃兹拉·庞德是我最喜欢的诗人，但他是个种族主义者。我欣赏阿尔弗雷德·希区柯克早期的电影，但他承认曾侮辱女性。最极端的例子是我对
新古典主义
建筑的喜爱，这会让人有些不舒服。去年我去多德卡尼斯群岛中的莱罗斯岛旅行时，被墨索里尼时期的拉基港所深深吸引，那锯齿形的屋顶、那流线圆弧外观的旧影院让我着迷。但法西斯主义却正是脱胎于这种艺术。这也是为什么没有休闲图书是专门献给
阿尔贝特·施佩尔
的。
neoclassical
adj.of or in a style of art, literature or music that is based on or influenced by the classical style （在文艺或音乐风格方面）新古典主义的
Albert Speer
阿尔贝特·施佩尔，德国建筑工程师，深得希特勒赏识。
How we respond personally to the character and the context of any given artist also plays a part. Kenneth Halliwell was included in Tate Modern’s recent Queer Art exhibition, but there’s the small biological detail that he
bludgeoned
his lover, the playwright Joe Orton, to death. Orton, however, is often painted as the more troublesome character. Ted Hughes, who undoubtedly was a serial adulterer, is reviled because of the popularity of his wife, fellow poet Sylvia Plath.
（在看待艺术家与道德的问题上，）我们个人如何看待某一艺术家的人品与背景，对我们也会产生影响。泰特现代美术馆近期举办的酷儿艺术展中有肯尼斯·侯利维尔的作品，但在生平介绍上，却包括了这样一个细节：侯利维尔将他的情人、剧作家乔·奥顿
重击
杀害。然而通常，奥顿却被刻画为更有道德问题的那一方。特德·休斯无疑多次出轨，但正是由于同为诗人的妻子西尔维娅·普拉斯出名，他才受到谴责。
bludgeon
v.hit (sb) repeatedly with a bludgeon, or with any heavy object （用大头短棒或其他重物）连击（某人）
In the past, much awkwardness around the behaviour of artists, usually male, has gone unaddressed. But in times of greater cultural awareness and sensitivity, curators, arts bodies and festival organisers are changing tack. The Ditchling Museum of Art and Craft addressed head-on the
incestuous
rape and bestial practices of printmaker Eric Gill as part of an exhibition of his work.
在过去，艺术家的不端行为往往不了了之，尤其是男性艺术家。但在文化意识更强和文化敏感度更高的时代，艺术馆负责人、艺术机构和活动组织者的思路正在转变。迪切宁工艺美术博物馆迎面而上，把版画家埃里克·吉尔的
乱伦
强奸和兽行作为他作品的一部分搬上了展台。
incestuous
adj.involving sex between two people in a family who are very closely related 乱伦的
The arts are not the only sphere in which such dilemmas arise. Why was I disgusted with Sheffield United when they gave footballer Ched Evans a contract after his imprisonment for rape, even though he had served time in prison, and subsequently had his conviction
quashed
?
这种难题并不只在艺术领域出现。足球运动员契德·埃文斯因强奸锒铛入狱，虽然他服了刑，有罪判决随后又被
撤销
，但为什么我还是对谢菲尔德联队签回他而感到气愤呢？
quash
v. reject (sth) (by legal procedure) as not valid; declare (sth) not to be enforceable by law （依法）撤销（某事物）; 宣布（某事物）无效
The answers are never simple and I have to admit to finding myself still
ambivalent
. Why am I happy to praise the film Manchester By the Sea, even though its star Casey Affleck was accused of sexual harassment? Nothing was proved, and yet I was just as impressed with the look of disgust on Brie Larson’s face when she presented Affleck with his Oscar for that film as I was when the athlete Jessica Ennis-Hill requested her name be removed from a Sheffield United stand in protest at Evans’s reinstatement.
