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This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English dot com.
这里是bbclearningenglish.com英语六分钟节目。
Rob: Welcome to 6 Minute English. I’m Rob.
欢迎收听英语六分钟。我是罗伯。
Neil: And I’m Neil. Hello.
我是尼尔。大家好。
Rob:
Today we’re talking about an unusual type of tourism. Tourism is the
business of providing services such as transport, places to stay, or
entertainment for people who are on holiday.
今天我们要谈论的是一种不寻常的旅游方式。旅游是给有假期的人们提供比如交通、住宿或者娱乐的一种服务。
Neil:
But instead of providing sunny holidays in a nice hotel by the sea –
this is where tourists travel to sites of death, brutality and terror.
It’s being called ’dark tourism’. Rob, have you ever been to any dark
tourist destination – or place?
这种旅游并不是住在海边的旅店，享受阳光的假期，而是去死亡、暴力和恐怖事件的发生地旅游。被称之为“黑色旅游”。罗伯，你曾经去过“黑色旅游”景点或者地方吗？
Rob:
Yes. I’ve visited Auschwitz in Poland – a fascinating trip to an
obviously depressing place. And next month I’m planning to go to
Chernobyl – the site of a catastrophic nuclear accident in 1986.
去过。我曾经去过波兰的奥斯威辛集中营--吸引人的旅行但显然让人沮丧的地方。下个月我计划去切尔诺贝利 --1986 年灾难性核事故的事发地。
Neil:
So these are not your typical sightseeing trips but a visit to places
that make you curious because of their significance – their importance –
in history?
这些并不是你典型的观光旅行，而是去参观那些由于它们在历史上的重要性让你感到好奇的地方？
Rob:
Exactly. We’ll talk more about this soon but not before I set you
today’s question. Robben Island in South Africa is one dark tourism
destination. It’s where Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 18 years. Do
you know in which year it finally closed as a prison? Was it:a) 1991 b)
1996 c) 1999
的确如此。稍后我们会继续讨论这个问题，而不是在我问你问题之前。南非的罗本岛就是一个黑色旅游地。纳尔逊·曼德拉在那被关押了18年。你知道这座监狱是哪一年被关闭的吗？选项有：a) 1991年b) 1996 年c) 1999 年
Neil:
I don’t know but I’m going to guess a) 1991 because I think he was
released in 1989 and surely they would have shut it down pretty quickly
after that.
我不知道，我猜是a）1991年。因为曼德拉是1989年被释放出来的，当然他们会在曼德拉释放后很快关闭它。
Rob:
I’ll reveal the answer later. So let’s talk more about ’dark tourism’.
The word ’dark’ is used here because it relates to places that are
connected with bad or sinister things or things that could be considered
morally wrong.
稍后我会公布答案。现在让我们继续探讨“黑色旅游”。这里用了“dark”这个词，因为这些地方通常和不好的或阴险的事物联系起来或者是不道德的东西。
Neil:
It’s strange to want to visit places like these. There is what we call a
morbid fascination – that’s showing an interest in things connected
with death and destruction. And these kinds of trips are on the
increase.
想参观像这样的地方真是奇怪。这就是我们所说的“病态的迷恋”--对和死亡以及毁灭的东西感兴趣。这种类型的旅游人数正在增加。
Rob:
Yes, there are organised tours to places like Ground Zero in New York,
the killing fields in Cambodia and the nuclear power station in
Chernobyl.
是的。有旅游团组织到这类景点旅游，比如纽约世贸中心遗址，柬埔寨的杀戮场,切尔诺贝利核电站。
Neil: And there are the battlefields of World War I and II – and the top security prison of Alcatraz.
还有一战和二战中的战场和恶魔岛的最高安全监狱。
Rob:
There are also plans to turn the disaster site of the Fukushima Daiichi
nuclear power plant in Japan into a tourist destination – once the
radiation is reduced.
还计划把日本福岛核电站的灾难站点变成一个旅游景点--当辐射降低的时候。
Neil:
But why do people want to visit these macabre sites? Well I mentioned
curiosity and a chance to learn about history – but sometimes people
just feel compelled to visit them.
但为什么人们想要到这些可怕的地方去旅游呢？我之前提到过好奇心和学习历史的机会--但有时候人们只是觉得有必要去参观一下。
Rob:
But what about the ethics of dark tourism – is it wrong to make this
trip? Are we not just exploiting – making money or cashing in on
someone’s suffering?
但黑色旅游的道德观是什么呢--做这样的旅行是错误的吗？我们能不能不要利用别人的痛苦来赚钱？
Neil:
Doctor Phillip Stone is an expert in this subject. He’s director of the
Institute for Dark Tourism Research.He says this type of tourism isn’t
new – people have been visiting these types of places for years. He says
it’s always been there…
菲利普·斯通博士是这方面的专家。他是黑色旅游研究所主任。他说这种类型的旅游并不新奇--人们参观这种类型的地方已经有几年了。他说这一直存在的...
It’s
not new in the sense that we are fascinated by other death and people’s
suffering. But it’s how it’s packaged up by the tourist industry.
我们被他人的死亡和痛苦所吸引，这并不是新的感觉。但这是打包的旅游业。
Rob:
So he says dark tourism isn’t new. In fact a medieval execution was an
early form of dark tourism. Maybe it’s just human nature that draws us
to these places? Doctor Stone says it’s all about how these dark trips
are packaged. So it depends how they are sold and how tasteful they are –
are they sensitive to the horrors of what has taken place?
所以他说黑色旅游并不是新出现的。实际上中世纪的死刑是黑色旅游的一种早期形式。或许吸引我们去这些地方的只是人的本性？斯通博士说这都是关于黑色旅游如何包装的。所以这取决于如何售卖这种形式的旅游以及人们对旅游地点的深思--他们对发生的恐怖事情敏感吗？
Neil:
Yes, being able to walk around a historic site or visit a museum is one
thing but how about staying in a former prison in Latvia and paying to
be treated like a prisoner? Or how about crawling around Vietnamese war
tunnels whilst people fire guns outside?
是的。沿着历史遗迹附近行走或参观博物馆是一回事，但在拉脱维亚的前监狱，花着钱却像囚犯一样被对待是怎样的呢？又或者在越南战争隧道里爬来爬去同时外面人们机枪守卫？
Rob:
Maybe that is taking the experience too far. Doctor Stone says there is
a "blurred line between memorialisation and tourism". He means it is
hard to separate going to remember an event and the people who’ve died
with visiting somewhere as part of a holiday.
或许这种体验太遥远了。 斯通博士说“在纪念和旅游之间的界限模糊不清”。他的意思是作为节日的一部分参观某地来纪念一个事件和已经死去的人们，这很难去区分。
Neil:
Another issue when visiting these places is how you remember your visit
– you must be respectful - perhaps taking photos, yes, but should you
take a ’selfie’? And should you buy a souvenir or send a postcard home?
另一个问题就是当参观这些地方的时候你如何纪念你的参观之旅--一定要充满尊敬--或许需要拍照，是的，但是你能自拍吗？你是买纪念品呢还是把明信片寄回家呢？
Rob:
Well you certainly wouldn’t write on your postcard ’wish you were
here’. Anyway, let’s now reveal the answer to the question I set you
earlier.
好吧，你肯定不能在明信片上写“真希望你在这里”。不管怎样，现在让我们揭晓我之前问的问题的答案。
Neil: Yes, this was about the former prison on Robben Island which is now a popular destination for dark tourism.
好的，这个问题跟罗本岛的之前的监狱有关，现在已经作为黑色旅游的著名目的地了。
Rob: I asked you when it finally closed as a prison. Was it in: a) 1991 b) 1996 c) 1999
我问你的是它是那一年关闭的。选项有：a) 1991 年b) 1996年c) 1999年
Neil: I said 1991.
我选的是1991年。
Rob:
And you were wrong actually. It was in 1996. About 350,000 people now
visit the site every year – which shows how much interest there is in a
place that you would have once never wanted to go near. Is it somewhere
you would like to visit Neil?
实际上你错了。是1996年。每年大约有350，000人来这里参观。这说明有多少人对这种地方感兴趣而你却从来不想靠近。这是你想去的地方吗，尼尔？
Neil: I’m not sure about dark tourism to be honest.
老实说，我对黑色旅游还不确定。
Rob: Ok, Neil, could you remind us of some of the vocabulary we’ve heard today?
好吧，尼尔，你能回顾一下今天我们听到的一些词语吗？
Neil: Yes, we heard:
好的，我们听到了
tourism
旅游
depressing
令人沮丧的
catastrophic
悲惨的
curious
好奇的
morally wrong
不道德的
morbid fascination
病态的着迷
macabre
可怕的
compelled
被迫的
ethics
道德
exploiting
开发，利用
human nature
人性
tasteful
对合适的东西做出良好的判断
memorialisation
纪念
respectful
尊敬的
Rob: Thanks. We hope you’ve enjoyed today’s programme. Please join us again soon for 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
谢谢。希望你们喜欢今天的节目。请记得收听我们下期的节目。
Both: Bye.
拜~
That was 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English dot com.
以上是bbclearningenglish.com英语六分钟节目。
