学习帖｜联合国秘书长一般性辩论讲话全文（中英对照）

© 联合国视频 | 古特雷斯一般性辩论发言（原声完整版）

大会主席先生，

Mr. President of the General Assembly,

各位阁下，

Excellencies,

女士们、先生们，

Ladies and gentlemen,

我们的世界正处于旋涡之中。

Our world is in a whirlwind.

我们身处巨变时代，面临空前挑战，这些挑战必须以全球办法应对。

We are in an era of epic transformation – facing challenges unlike any we have ever seen – challenges that demand global solutions.

然而，地缘政治分歧不断加深。地球持续升温。

Yet geo-political divisions keep deepening. The planet keeps heating.

战争愈演愈烈，不知如何收场。

Wars rage with no clue how they will end.

核态势和新武器给世界蒙上了一层阴影。

And nuclear posturing and new weapons cast a dark shadow.

我们正慢慢走向难以想象的境地，走向一个有可能吞噬世界的火药桶。

We are edging towards the unimaginable – a powder keg that risks engulfing the world.

与此同时，2024年全球一半人会参加投票，而全人类都会受到影响。

Meanwhile, 2024 is the year that half of humanity goes to the polls – and all of humanity will be affected.

身临这一旋涡，面对在座诸位，我坚信两个最重要的事实。

I stand before you in this whirlwind convinced of two overriding truths.

第一，当今世界的现状是不可持续的。我们不能再这样下去了。

First, the state of our world is unsustainable. We can’t go on like this.

第二，我们面临的挑战是可以解决的。

And second, the challenges we face are solvable.

但这需要我们确保国际问题解决机制能够真正解决问题。

But that requires us to make sure the mechanisms of international problem-solving actually solve problems.

未来峰会是第一步，但我们还有很长的路要走。

The Summit of the Future was a first step, but we have a long way to go.

要实现目标，就必须应对导致不可持续现状的三大驱动因素。

Getting there requires confronting three major drivers of unsustainability.

当今世界有罪不罚现象猖獗——侵犯和践踏权利行为威胁着国际法和《联合国宪章》的根基。

A world of impunity – where violations and abuses threaten the very foundation of international law and the UN Charter.

当今世界充斥着不平等——不公正和不满情绪有可能削弱国家力量，甚至将国家推向崩溃的边缘。

A world of inequality – where injustices and grievances threaten to undermine countries or even push them over the edge.

当今世界充满不确定性——不受管控的全球风险以不可知的方式威胁着我们的未来。

And a world of uncertainty – where unmanaged global risks threaten our future in unknowable ways.

有罪不罚、不平等和不确定性这三大因素相互联系、相互碰撞。

These worlds of impunity, inequality and uncertainty are connected and colliding.

© 联合国图片/Loey Felipe | 古特雷斯在一般性辩论开幕式上致辞

各位阁下，

Excellencies,

世界上有罪不罚现象如此严重，这在政治上无理可辨，在道义上不可容忍。

The level of impunity in the world is politically indefensible and morally intolerable.

今天，越来越多的政府和其他行为体认为自己有权获得“免罪”卡。

Today, a growing number of governments and others feel entitled to a “get out of jail free” card.

他们可以践踏国际法；

They can trample international law.

可以违反《联合国宪章》；

They can trample international law.

可以无视国际人权公约或国际性法院的裁决；

They can turn a blind eye to international human rights conventions or the decisions of international courts.

可以藐视国际人道法；

They can thumb their nose at international humanitarian law.

可以侵略他国，摧毁整个社会，或完全无视本国人民的福祉。

They can invade another country, lay waste to whole societies, or utterly disregard the welfare of their own people.

而他们不会受到任何惩罚。

And nothing will happen.

在中东、欧洲腹地、非洲之角和其他地方，这种有罪不罚现象随处可见。

We see this age of impunity everywhere -- in the Middle East, in the heart of Europe, in the Horn of Africa, and beyond.

乌克兰战争正在蔓延，丝毫没有缓和的迹象。

The war in Ukraine is spreading with no signs of letting up.

平民正在付出代价——死亡人数不断攀升，民众的生活和社区饱受重创。

Civilians are paying the price – in rising death tolls and shattered lives and communities.

现在是依据《联合国宪章》、国际法和联合国决议实现公正和平的时候了。

It is time for a just peace based on the UN Charter, on international law and on UN resolutions.

与此同时，加沙正成为一场无休止的噩梦，有可能将整个地区拖入其中。

Meanwhile, Gaza is a non-stop nightmare that threatens to take the entire region with it.

看看黎巴嫩就知道了。

Look no further than Lebanon.

我们都应该对局势升级感到警惕。

We should all be alarmed by the escalation.

黎巴嫩正处于战乱的边缘。

Lebanon is at the brink.

黎巴嫩人民、以色列人民和世界人民都无法承受黎巴嫩成为另一个加沙。

The people of Lebanon – the people of Israel – and the people of the world -- cannot afford Lebanon to become another Gaza.

我们必须明确一点。

Let’s be clear.

没有任何理由可以为哈马斯10月7日令人发指的恐怖行径和劫持人质行为辩护——我曾多次谴责这些行为。

Nothing can justify the abhorrent acts of terror committed by Hamas on October 7th, or the taking of hostages – both of which I have repeatedly condemned.

也没有任何理由可以为针对巴勒斯坦人民的集体惩罚开脱。

And nothing can justify the collective punishment of the Palestinian people.

在加沙的杀戮和破坏行动速度之快、规模之大，是我担任秘书长多年来从未有过的。

The speed and scale of the killing and destruction in Gaza are unlike anything in my years as Secretary-General.

我们自己有200多名工作人员遇害，其中许多人与家人一起遇难。

More than 200 of our own staff have been killed, many with their families.

尽管如此，联合国的男女工作人员仍在继续提供人道主义援助。

And yet the women and men of the United Nations continue to deliver humanitarian aid.

我知道各位会和我一道，向近东救济工程处和加沙的所有人道主义工作者致以特别的敬意。

I know you join me in paying a special tribute to UNRWA and to all humanitarians in Gaza.

国际社会必须动员起来，推动立即实现停火，立即无条件释放所有人质，为实现两国解决方案开启不可逆转的进程。

The international community must mobilize for an immediate ceasefire, the immediate and unconditional release of all hostages, and the beginning of an irreversible process towards a two-State solution.

对于那些继续通过增加定居点、扩大土地掠夺和强化煽动行为来破坏这一目标的人，我要问：

For those who go on undermining that goal with more settlements, more landgrabs, more incitement -- I ask:

舍此，别有方案可行吗？

What is the alternative?

众多巴勒斯坦人没有任何自由、权利或尊严的“一国”前景，世界怎么可能接受？

How could the world accept a one-state future in which a large a large number of Palestinians would be included without any freedom, rights or dignity?

© 联合国图片 | 联合国纽约总部为殉职工作人员降半旗

在苏丹，残酷的权力斗争引发了骇人听闻的暴力，包括大规模的强奸和性侵犯行为。

In Sudan, a brutal power struggle has unleashed horrific violence -- including widespread rape and sexual assaults.

随着饥荒的蔓延，一场人道主义灾难正在上演。然而，外部势力仍在继续干涉，没有寻求和平的统一办法。

A humanitarian catastrophe is unfolding as famine spreads.  Yet outside powers continue to interfere with no unified approach to finding peace.

在萨赫勒地区，恐怖主义威胁急剧迅速扩大，需要在团结的基础上采取联合行动；但是，区域和国际合作已经破裂。

In the Sahel, the dramatic and rapid expansion of the terrorist threat requires a joint approach rooted in solidarity - but regional and international cooperation have broken down.

从缅甸到刚果民主共和国，从海地到也门再到其他地方，我们继续目睹令人震惊的暴力和人类苦难，面临长期无法找到解决办法的局面。

From Myanmar to the Democratic Republic of the Congo to Haiti to Yemen and beyond – we continue to see appalling levels of violence and human suffering in the face of a chronic failure to find solutions.

同时，我们维和特派团的行动地区往往根本没有和平可维。

Meanwhile our peacekeeping missions are too often operating in areas where simply there is no peace to keep.

世界许多地方的不稳定是权力关系不稳定和地缘政治分歧的副产物。

Instability in many places around the world is a by-product of instability in power relations and geo-political divides.

冷战虽然危险重重，但还是有章可循。

For all its perils, the Cold War had rules.

有热线、红线和防护机制。

There were hot lines, red lines and guard rails.

今天，我们似乎没有这些机制。

It can feel as though we don’t have that today.

我们也不是单极世界。

Nor do we have a unipolar world.

我们正在走向一个多极世界，但还没有抵达目的地。

We are moving to a multipolar world, but we are not there yet.

我们正处于两极分化的炼狱之中。

We are in a purgatory of polarity.

在这个炼狱中，越来越多的国家正在填补地缘政治分歧的空间，为所欲为，而不用承担任何责任。

And in this purgatory, more and more countries are filling the spaces of geopolitical divides, doing whatever they want with no accountability.

因此，重申《宪章》、尊重国际法、支持和执行国际性法院的裁决以及在全世界加强人权比以往任何时候都更加重要。

That is why it is more important than ever to reaffirm the Charter, to respect international law, to support and implement decisions of international courts, and to reinforce human rights in the world.

无论在何地何处都是如此。

Anywhere and everywhere.

© 联合国图片 | 未来峰会现场

各位阁下，女士们、先生们，

Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen,

日益加剧的不平等是不可持续现状的第二个驱动因素，也是我们集体良知上的一个污点。

Rising inequalities are a second driver of unsustainability and a stain on our collective conscience.

不平等不是一个技术问题，也不是官僚政治问题。

Inequality is not a technical or bureaucratic issue.

从根本上讲，不平等是一个权力问题，有其历史根源。

At its heart, inequality is a question of power with historic roots.

冲突、气候剧变和生活成本危机都在加深这些根源。

Conflict, climate upheaval and the cost-of-living crisis, are pushing those roots deeper.

与此同时，世界尚未从疫情造成的不平等现象激增中恢复过来。

At the same time, the world has not recovered from the surge in inequalities caused by the pandemic.

在全球最贫困的75个国家中，三分之一的国家今天的情况比五年前更糟。

Of the world’s poorest 75 countries, one-third are worse off today than they were five years ago.

而同一时期，世界上最富有的五个人的财富增加了一倍多。

During that same period, the five richest men in the world have more than doubled their wealth.

世界上最富有的1%的人拥有全球43%的金融资产。

And the top one per cent of people on earth own 43 per cent of all global financial assets.

在国家层面，一些政府向企业和超级富豪提供大量税收优惠，同时却减少本应对卫生、教育和社会保护的投资，这一做法加剧了不平等。

At the national level, some governments are supercharging inequalities by doling out massive tax giveaways to corporations and the ultra-rich, while shortchanging investments in health, education and social protection.

全世界妇女和女童遭受的不公最为严重。

No one is being short-changed more than the world’s women and girls.

© 联合国图片 | 参加联大活动的各国代表在清晨陆续抵达联合国总部

各位阁下，

Excellencies,

无处不在的性别歧视和虐待是所有社会中最普遍的不平等现象。

Rampant gender-based discrimination and abuse are the most prevalent inequality across all societies.

我们每天似乎都要面对更多令人发指的杀害妇女、性别暴力和大规模强奸案件，无论是在和平时期还是作为战争武器。

Every day, it seems we are confronted by yet more sickening cases of femicide, gender-based violence and mass rape, both in peacetime and as a weapon of war.

在一些国家，法律被用来威胁生殖健康及权利。

In some countries, laws are being used to threaten reproductive health and rights.

在阿富汗，法律被用来巩固对妇女和女童的系统性压迫。

And in Afghanistan, laws are being used to lock-in the systematic oppression of women and girls.

我很遗憾地注意到，尽管谈论了多年，性别不平等现象在各地仍然显露无遗，我很遗憾在这里提到这一点，性别不平等在这个大会堂里就显露无遗。

And I am sorry to observe that despite years of talk, gender inequality is on full display, and I am sorry for mentioning it here, gender inequality is on full display in this very Hall.

在本周的一般性辩论中，只有不到10%的发言者是女性。

Less than 10 per cent of speakers during this week’s General Debate are women.

这是不可接受的，尤其是当我们知道性别平等能够促进和平、可持续发展、气候行动和更多其他目标的时候。

This is unacceptable – especially when we know gender equality delivers for peace, sustainable development, climate action and much more.

正因如此，我们采取了有针对性的措施，以实现联合国高级领导层的性别均等，这个目标已经实现。

That is precisely why we took targeted measures to achieve gender parity among the United Nations senior leadership, an objective that has already been achieved.

这是可行的。

It’s doable.

我呼吁世界各地男性主导的政治和经济机构也这样做。

I call on male-dominated political and economic establishments around the world to do it as well.

© 联合国图片 | 美国演员梅丽尔·斯特里普参加声援阿富汗女性活动

各位阁下，

Excellencies,

全球不平等甚至在我们自己的全球机构中也得到了反映和强化。

Global inequalities are reflected and reinforced even in our own global institutions.

联合国安全理事会是由第二次世界大战的战胜国构想设计的。

The United Nations Security Council was designed by the victors of the Second World War.

当时，非洲大部分地区仍处于殖民统治之下。

Most of Africa was still under colonial domination.

时至今日，非洲在这个世界上最重要的和平理事会中仍没有常任理事国席位。

To this day, Africa has no permanent seat on the world’s preeminent council of peace.

这种情况必须改变。

This must change.

80年前建立的全球金融架构也必须改变。

So must the global financial architecture, set up 80 years ago.

我赞扬世界银行和国际货币基金组织领导人采取了重要步骤。

I commend the leaders of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund for taking important steps.

但正如《未来契约》所强调的，要解决不平等问题，就必须加快国际金融架构改革。

But as the Pact for the Future emphasizes, tackling inequalities requires accelerating reform of the international financial architecture.

过去八十年来，全球经济不断增长转型。

Over the past eight decades, the global economy has grown and transformed.

布雷顿森林机构没有跟上步伐。

The Bretton Woods institutions have not kept pace.

它们再也无法提供全球安全网，也无法为发展中国家提供所需的支持。

They can no longer provide a global safety net – or offer developing countries the level of support they need.

目前，世界上最贫困国家的债务利息支出平均比教育、卫生和基础设施投资的总和还要高。

Debt interest payments in the world’s poorest countries now cost more, on average, than investments in education, health and infrastructure combined.

在全球范围内，80%以上的可持续发展目标无法如期实现。

And around the world, more than 80 per cent of Sustainable Development Goal targets are off track.

© 联合国资料图片 | 安理会会议现场

各位阁下，

Excellencies,

要重回正轨，就必须为落实《2030年议程》和《巴黎协定》提供大量资金。

Getting back on track requires a surge of financing for the 2030 Agenda and the Paris Agreement.