虽然已经分析得那么透彻了,但是研究人员觉得还不够,还应该探究下肠道微生物与人体对不同面包的血糖反应之间的关系。于是,他们设计了一种算法,只采集了受试者在接受干预前的肠道微生物样本信息,用以预测受试者对两种面包的血糖反应。
分析发现,
这种算法不但能将受试者对面包的PPGR精确分类,还能准确地预测哪些受试者在吃白面包后血糖升得更高,哪些受试者在吃全麦面包后血糖升得更高 。
简直是神奇得不要不要的!
这项研究,让我们看到了面包对健康影响的个体差异,提示我们在做与面包相关的营养推荐时应该更加个性化,“健康食品”与“不健康食品”不能一刀切。就像Eran Elinav说的那样:“迄今为止,食物的营养价值已经从最微小处进行研究,适用于所有人的饮食模式都是失败的。”[9]另外,他还补充道:“这些发现可能产生一个更合理的方法,依靠肠道微生物,就可以告诉人们哪些食物更适合他。”[9]
参考资料:
[1] Korem T, Zeevi D, Zmora N, et al. Bread Affects Clinical Parameters and Induces Gut Microbiome-Associated Personal Glycemic Responses[J]. Cell Metabolism, 2017, 25(6): 1243-1253. e5.
[2]Arendt E K, Ryan L A M, Dal Bello F. Impact of sourdough on the texture of bread[J]. Food microbiology, 2007, 24(2): 165-174.
[3] Aune D, Keum N N, Giovannucci E, et al. Whole grain consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all cause and cause specific mortality: systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies[J]. bmj, 2016, 353: i2716.
[4] Mellen P B, Walsh T F, Herrington D M. Whole grain intake and cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis[J]. Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases, 2008, 18(4): 283-290.
[5] Brownlee I A, Moore C, Chatfield M, et al. Markers of cardiovascular risk are not changed by increased whole-grain intake: the WHOLEheart study, a randomised, controlled dietary intervention[J]. British Journal of Nutrition, 2010, 104(01): 125-134.
[6] Kristensen M B, Tetens I, Jørgensen A B A, et al. A decrease in iron status in young healthy women after long–term daily consumption of the recommended intake of fibre–rich wheat bread[J]. European Journal of Nutrition, 2005, 44(6): 334-340.
[7] Zeevi D, Korem T, Zmora N, et al. Personalized nutrition by prediction of glycemic responses[J]. Cell, 2015, 163(5): 1079-1094.
[8]http://wis-wander.weizmann.ac.il/life-sciences/bread-and-health-personal-matter
[9]https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/06/170606135754.htm