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Almost seven decades after the Supreme Court declared racial segregation in schools unconstitutional, “
American public schools
remain
largely separate and unequal –
with profound consequences for students, especially students of color
,” as The New York Times reports.
据《纽约时报》报道，在美国最高法院宣布学校种族隔离违宪近70年之后，“美国公立学校仍然大范围地存在种族隔离和不平等问题，这对学生，尤其是有色人种学生产生了深远的影响。”
科学家警告说，在海洋表面下很远的地方，工业噪音刺耳的声音正在扰乱海洋动物交配、觅食甚至躲避捕食者的能力。
With rumbling ships, hammering oil
drills
and booming seismic survey blasts, humans have drastically altered the underwater soundscape – in some cases deafening or disorienting whales, dolphins and other marine mammals that rely on sound to navigate, researchers report in a metastudy published online Thursday and in the Friday edition of the journal Science that examines more than 500 research papers.
研究人员发现由于船只和石油钻探轰鸣声、地震检测爆炸声，人类极大地改变了水下的声景--在某些情况下，致使鲸鱼、海豚和其他依靠声音导航的海洋哺乳动物失聪或迷失方向。这项元学问研究报告于周四发表在网上，并且发表在了周五出版的《科学》杂志上，该杂志审查了500多篇研究论文。
Even the cracking of glaciers
calving
into polar oceans and the
rattle
of rain falling on the water’s surface can be heard deep under the sea, said lead author Carlos Duarte, a marine scientist at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology in Saudi Arabia. "It’s a chronic problem that certainly weakens the animals all the way from individuals to populations," Duarte said in an interview. "This is a growing problem, one that
is global in scope
."
来自沙特阿拉伯阿卜杜拉国王科技大学的海洋科学家，同时也是该研究的第一作者卡洛斯·杜阿尔特表示，即使是冰川崩解掉入极地海洋的声音，以及雨水落在水面上的滴答声，在海底深处也能听到。杜阿尔特在一次采访中说：“这个问题长期存在，肯定会让这些动物从个体到种群逐渐衰弱。”“这是一个日益严重的全球性问题。”
These noises and their impacts need more attention from scientists and policymakers, particularly the effects on sea turtles and other
reptiles
, seabirds, seals, walruses and plant-eating mammals such as manatees, the study says.
The international team of researchers called for a global regulatory framework for measuring and managing ocean noise.
翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~
国际研究小组呼吁建立一个测量和管理海洋噪音的全球监管体系。
Much of the human-caused noise should be easy to reduce, Duarte said. For example, measures such as building quieter ship propellers and
hulls
and using drilling techniques that do not cause bubbles and water vibrations could cut noise pollution in half, he said. Having the world use more renewable energy would lessen the need to drill for oil and gas.
杜阿尔特说，减少大部分人类造成的噪音应该很容易。例如，建造更安静的螺旋桨和船体，以及使用不会造成气泡和水振动的钻井技术等措施，可以将噪音污染减少一半。让世界更多地使用可再生能源将减少钻探石油和天然气的需要。
The benefits to marine life could be dramatic, he said, noting a resurgence in marine activity during April 2020 when shipping noise, typically loudest near coastlines, died down as countries went into lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic.
他说，这对海洋生物的好处可能是很显著的。他指出，2020年4月，随着各国在新冠肺炎疫情期间进入封锁状态，航运噪音(通常在海岸线附近声音最大)减弱，海洋活动有所增加。
本文节选自：Reuters（路透社）
发布时间：2021.02.05
作者：Reuters
原文标题：Noise pollution is harming sea life, needs to be prioritized, scientists say
