【Applied Energy最新原创论文】中国交通部门实现碳中和需要电力和氢气供应合力脱碳

先前的研究对于中国交通部门内部子部门间的异质性以及交通部门与能源供应之间的相互反馈缺乏考虑。因此，本研究通过开发一个研究交通部门耦合电力和氢能的能源技术优化模型，旨在创新性地实现以下目标：(1) 对交通部门的综合政策进行评估；(2) 综合考虑交通部门与电力、氢能相结合的政策评估；(3) 引入代表性的负排放技术。这项研究能够为交通部门的政策制定和可持续发展提供有价值的参考和决策支持。

(1)    采用自下而上的能源系统优化模型分析交通碳排放趋势

(2)    将交通部门与上游能源供应部门相结合实现系统碳中和的路径是经济可行的

(3)    能源供应部门的清洁可再生能源的应用及负排放技术的引入是实现系统碳中和的关键

(4)    研究提出了明确的能源供应端耦合交通部门实现碳中和的技术、能源的低成本优化路径

Transportation is vital to meeting China's carbon neutrality target by 2060. Nevertheless, the question of how to reach it remains unclear. Here, we employ a bottom-up energy system optimization model to investigate carbon dioxide emission trends using two sets of scenarios. The first relies solely on the efforts of the transportation sector, employing the avoid-shift-improve approach. In contrast, the second set of scenarios involves collaborative collaboration from the transportation, power and hydrogen sectors. The results reveal that achieving carbon neutrality solely through the efforts of the transportation sector is a challenging task. However, integrating negative emission technologies from the power and hydrogen sectors makes it feasible for the transportation sector to achieve carbon neutrality. Our findings suggest that in order to meet the carbon neutrality target, the energy structure of the transportation sector will undergo a fundamental transformation, with a significant increase in the use of electricity and hydrogen by 2060. Meanwhile, the power and hydrogen sectors will need to rely heavily on renewable energy sources and implement carbon capture and storage technologies to achieve substantial emissions reductions and offset the residual emissions from transportation. This study puts forward a comprehensive pathway that integrates the transportation sector with the power and hydrogen supply sectors, aiming to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.

Keywords

Carbon neutrality 碳中和

Electricity and Hydrogen 电力和氢能

Transportation 交通部门

IMED Model   IMED 模型