专栏名称: BioArt

BioArt致力于分享生命科学领域科研学术背后鲜为人知的故事，及时报道和评论生命科学领域有料的动态，BioArt也是一个生命科学领域“百花齐放，百家争鸣”的舞台，循“自由之思想”与“独立之精神”为往圣继绝学。

自然指数：中国生命科学研究机构排名【附全球生命科学研究机构排名】

BioArt · 公众号 · 生物 · 2017-08-12 08:34

正文

日前，自然出版集团更新了最新的自然指数(统计时间节点为2016年4月01——2017年3月31)。借助此指数可以很直观的一窥国内生命科学研究机构发表的高端论文的排名。

自然指数所包含的生物学期刊应该说是代表了目前公认的生命科学领域的权威期刊，但是仍然有很多不足的地方，比如老牌生化杂志JBC入选其中，但是像Cell Research、eLife、Cell Reports这样的综合性优质期刊则不在其中。这个名单还忽略了很多高水平的专业领域一流期刊，比如植物领域的The Plant Cell和近几年刚推出Nature Plants，还有国内主办的Molecular Plants；基础和转化医学领域的JEM、STM；心血管领域的Circulation等。随着近几年来越来越多的高水平新杂志出现，自然指数应该重新评估这份期刊名单，需要进行适当的扩充，这样才不至于偏废。最近几年Nature新推出了几份子刊，Science也推出了Science Immuology，适当增加一些杂志还是很有操作性的。

“自然指数”

自然指数于2014年11月首次发布，纳入指数的68种自然科学期刊由在职科学家所组成的两个独立小组选出，评选小组组长分别为伦敦大学学院John Morton教授和伦敦国王学院孙引飚博士。此外，还进行了一次大规模的调查来最终确定入选期刊。据施普林格•自然估计，这68种期刊约占自然科学期刊总引用量的30%。NPG要求每一位专家组成员列出最可能发表各自最好成果的科学期刊，不超过10个，并按优先度排序。这里没有考虑诸如影响因子之类的量化指标，完全依赖这些精英学者的学术判断力。换句话说，拼的是期刊的口碑。排在第一位期刊赋10分，第二位9分，依此类推，记录期刊的总得分和推荐的专家数。组长据此评价每种期刊的声望，得到期刊的初选结果。根据公布的68种期刊，BioArt列出了与生命科学相关的期刊（包括生态学），这些期刊几乎占据了全部68种期刊的半壁江山，名单如下：

American Journal of Human Genetics丨Cancer Cell 丨Cell 丨Cell Host & Microbe丨Cell Metabolism丨Cell Stem Cell丨Current Biology丨Developmental Cell丨Ecology 丨Ecology Letters丨Genes & Development 丨Genome Research丨Immunity 丨JBC丨Journal of Cell Biology丨Journalof Clinical Investigation丨Journal of Neuroscience丨Molecular Cell丨Nature丨Nature Biotechnology丨Nature Cell Biology丨Nature Communications丨Nature Genetics丨Nature Immunology丨Nature Medicine丨Nature Neuroscience丨NSMB丨Neuron丨PLOS Biology丨PNAS 丨Science丨The EMBO Journal.

排名方法：

论文计数 (article count/AC) - 不论一篇文章有一个还是多个作者，每位作者所在的国家或机构都获得1个AC分值。

分数式计量（fractional count/FC）- FC考虑的是每位论文作者的相对贡献。一篇文章的FC总分值为1，在假定每人的贡献是相同的情况下，该分值由所有作者平等共享。例如，一篇论文有十个作者，那每位作者的FC得分为0.1。如果作者有多个工作单位，那其个人FC分值将在这些工作单位中再进行平均分配。

加权分数式计量（weighted fractional count/WFC）- 即为FC增加权重，以调整占比过多的天文学和天体物理学论文。这两个学科有四种期刊入选自然指数，其发表的论文量约占该领域国际期刊论文发表量的50%，大致相当于其它学科的五倍。因此，尽管其数据编制方法与其他学科相同，但这四种期刊上论文的权重为其他论文的1/5。

以下为中国科研机构（包括香港地区）具体排行榜前100（按分数式计量排名，事实上这个算法也不那么科学，应该考虑第一作者和通讯作者所占的权重，而不是假定每位作者的贡献相同）：

Institution		AC	FC
1.	Chinese Academy of Sciences	465	164.41
2.	Peking University	136	53.33
3.	Tsinghua University	122	45.23
4.	Zhejiang University	99	29.95
5.	Fudan University	107	27.96
6.	Shanghai Jiao Tong University	98	26.16
7.	People's Liberation Army	103	24.07
8.	University of Chinese Academy of Sciences	143	21.88
9.	Sun Yat-sen University	70	18.33
10.	Nanjing University	46	16.87
11.	Huazhong University of Science and Technology	53	13.50
12.	National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing (NIBS)	39	12.42
13.	Shandong University	42	11.13
14.	Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College	53	11.12
15.	The University of Hong Kong	42	10.98
16.	Tongji University	44	10.76
17.	The Chinese University of Hong Kong	41	10.55
18.	Wuhan University	27	10.33
19.	Sichuan University	47	10.29
20.	Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences	38	9.70
21.	Hong Kong University of Science and Technology	24	9.51
22.	Huazhong Agricultural University	25	9.02
23.	University of Science and Technology of China	42	8.97
24.	Xiamen University	23	8.92
25.	Beijing Normal University	23	8.65
26.	East China Normal University	26	7.68
27.	China Agricultural University	29	7.24
28.	Nanjing Agricultural University	19	6.81
29.	Tianjin Medical University	23	6.75
30.	Southern Medical University	17	6.73
31.	Soochow University	23	6.31
32.	Nankai University	18	5.73
33.	Central South University	31	4.60
34.	BGI	26	4.28
35.	Shenzhen University	16	3.79
36.	Tianjin University	14	3.74
37.	Nanjing Medical University	27	3.53
38.	Jilin University	17	3.41
39.	ShanghaiTech University	26	3.34
40.	Beijing University of Technology	22	3.27
41.	Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention	17	2.92
42.	Guangzhou Medical University	17	2.89
43.	East China University of Science and Technology	35	2.85
44.	Jinan University	24	2.80
45.	Capital Medical University	25	2.72
46.	Nantong University	12	2.69
47.	Lanzhou University	9	2.61
48.	Capital Normal University	7	2.52
49.	Harbin Institute of Technology	6	2.33
50.	Hangzhou Normal University	8	2.25
51.	Wenzhou Medical University	12	2.21
52.	Northeast Normal University	6	2.18
53.	Anhui Medical University	9	2.15
54.	Northwest A&F University	7	1.96
55.	Hong Kong Baptist University	6	1.86
56.	Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University	10	1.75
57.	The Hong Kong Polytechnic University	8	1.74
58.	Jiangnan University	4	1.71
59.	University of Electronic Science and Technology of China	8	1.53
60.	Dalian University of Technology	5	1.50
61.	Xuzhou Medical University	6	1.49
62.	Zhengzhou University	9	1.40
63.	South Central University for Nationalities	4	1.37
64.	Dalian Medical University	8	1.36
65.	Shanxi University	3	1.34
66.	Central China Normal University	3	1.31
67.	Southeast University	10	1.24
68.	Sichuan Agricultural University	8	1.23
69.	Northeast Agricultural University	3	1.21
70.	Southwest University	6	1.20
71.	Henan University	4	1.19
72.	University of Macau	9	1.15
73.	Xi'an Jiaotong University	12	1.15
74.	Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research	2	1.12
75.	Yunnan University	13	1.08
76.	Nanchang University	7	1.03
77.	Zhejiang Ocean University	1	1
77.	Hunan University of Science and Technology	1	1
77.	China University of Mining and Technology	1	1
80.	Shanghai Ocean University	2	0.99
81.	Northwest University	5	0.98
82.	Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences	3	0.95
83.	Shantou University	5	0.94
84.	Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics	2	0.83
84.	Wuhan University of Science and Technology	1	0.83
86.	Southern University of Science and Technology	8	0.83
87.	School of Medicine, SZU	3	0.82
88.	University of Nottingham Ningbo China	1	0.80
88.	Hebei University of Science and Technology	1	0.80
90.	Hunan University	2	0.79
91.	China Pharmaceutical University	4	0.77
92.	Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission	1	0.76
93.	South China Agricultural University	8	0.74
94.	Chongqing University	5	0.74
95.	South China University of Technology	3	0.72
96.	Ningbo University	2	0.71
97.	China University of Geosciences	5	0.71
98.	Yunnan Agricultural University	4	0.69
99.	Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences	4	0.69
100.	Shanxi Medical University	7	0.67

附全球生命科学研究机构排行榜（前100名只有中科院、北大和清华三个单位入选，尽管近年来中国生命科学研究得到了飞速的发展并取得了一系列成果，然而相比国际上顶尖的研究机构还有不小差距。最显著的就是集中科院所有生命科学相关的研究成果，也只是占了哈佛大学的三分之一多一点。）：

Institution		AC	FC
1.	Harvard University	1203	488.95
2.	National Institutes of Health	605	230.20
3.	Stanford University	516	212.96
4.	Max Planck Society	689	201.78
5.	MIT	636	166.13
6.	Chinese Academy of Sciences	472	164.83
7.	Yale University	356	157.80
8.	University of California San Francisco	399	148.38
9.	University of California, San Diego	402	143.59
10.	University of Oxford	412	142.49
11.	University of Cambridge	409	127.98
12.	The Johns Hopkins University	330	127.43
13.	French National Centre for Scientific Research	888	124.65
14.	University of Toronto	321	121.13
15.	Columbia University in the City of New York	313	121.10
16.	Washington University in St. Louis	259	116.28
17.	University of California Los Angeles	272	110.78
18.	University of California Berkeley	293	108.32
19.	Duke University	304	107.78
20.	University College London	388	103.26
21.	University of Washington	300	102.78
22.	University of Pennsylvania	287	102.15
23.	Cornell University	316	101.62
24.	New York University	231	95.80
25.	University of Michigan	269	94.23
26.	The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center	201	93.62
27.	University of Pittsburgh	193	82.62
28.	Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres	483	82.14
29.	The University of Chicago	186	78.86
30.	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill	221	78.08
31.	The Rockefeller University	186	75.97
32.	University of Wisconsin-Madison	151	74.76
33.	The University of Tokyo	199	70.35
34.	McGill University	205	68.58
35.	Imperial College London	308	68.37
36.	Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center	191	66.32
37.	Northwestern University	171	65.72
38.	Baylor College of Medicine	221	65.27
39.	The Scripps Research Institute	162	64.73
40.	Princeton University	132	63.65
41.	University of Zurich	214	63.05
42.	Vanderbilt University	159	61.59
43.	Weizmann Institute of Science	99	56.81
44.	Mount Sinai Health System	200	56.48
45.	University of California Davis	174	56.37
46.	National Institute for Health and Medical Research	560	54.76
47.	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich)	180	54.20
48.	University of Copenhagen	212	53.78
49.	Peking University (PKU)	136	53.33
50.	University of Minnesota	163	51.87
51.	The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center	166	51.17
52.	Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey	129	51.12
53.	Emory University	148	50.28
54.	Medical Research Council (MRC)	213	49.90
55.	The University of Edinburgh	179	49.01
56.	The University of Texas at Austin	104	46.85
57.	University of Southern California	130	45.84
58.	Karolinska Institute	230	45.79
59.	Tsinghua University	122	45.23
60.	University of Basel	129	44.61
61.	California Institute of Technology	94	44.40
62.	University of California Irvine	113	42.70
63.	Osaka University	123	42.62
64.	Oregon Health and Science University	97	42.61
65.	The Ohio State University	114	42.60
66.	The University of Queensland	143	42.24
67.	Salk Institute for Biological Studies	121	41.93
68.	Heidelberg University	155	41.90
69.	Spanish National Research Council	219	41.51
70.	RIKEN	141	40.79
71.	The Pennsylvania State University	110	40.75
72.	The University of British Columbia	122	39.72
73.	Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich	193	39.64
74.	King's College London	245	38.42
75.	Albert Einstein College of Medicine	120	38.15
76.	Kyoto University	107	37.92
77.	Hebrew University of Jerusalem	103	37.78
78.	Indiana University	120	37.17
79.	University of Massachusetts Medical School	134	35.65
80.	Boston University	148	35.48
81.	University of Colorado Denver \| Anschutz Medical Campus	98	35.47
82.	University of Cincinnati	90	35.15
83.	Case Western Reserve University	104	34.53
84.	Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne	108	34.46
85.	European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)	172	34.04
86.	University of Bristol	109	33.56
87.	Mayo Clinic	116	33.35
88.	Lund University	111	33.34
89.	University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign	96	32.55
90.	University of Florida	109	32.34
91.	Utrecht University	154	32.02
92.	St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (St. Jude)	77	31.35
93.	University of Colorado Boulder	74	31.16
94.	Leibniz Association	229	31.12
95.	University of Montreal	123	30.75
96.	The University of Iowa (UI)	88	30.39
97.	University of Utah (Utah)	89	30.31
98.	Monash University	109	30.21
99.	Radboud University Nijmegen	152	30.21
100.	University of Geneva	101	30.12