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Along with American scientist Norman Borlaug,
a Nobel Peace Prize laureate who developed high-yield varieties of wheat
,
Mr. Yuan
was frequently cited as
a leader of the Green Revolution,
in which mid-century agricultural advances helped feed a growing planet.
与发明了高产小麦的诺贝尔和平奖获得者美国科学家诺曼博拉格一道，袁隆平经常被人称为绿色革命的领导者，在这场革命中，世纪中期的农业进步养活了不断扩增的人口。
1.laureate: a person who has been given an official honour or prize for sth important they have achieved
2.growing planet指代的应该是人口
铁缺乏是世界最普遍的微量元素缺乏症。缺铁性贫血是由于体内储铁不足和食物缺铁，致使血红蛋白合成不足的一种贫血。
“铁缺乏”被列为全球十大可预防的健康危险因素之一。
Most of us know iron best for its role in our blood. Four atoms of iron help form the molecule
hemoglobin
, the protein in a red blood cell that stores and transports oxygen. Every cell requires oxygen to burn the fuel
glucose
, producing the energy that does the cell’s work.
As blood passes through an oxygen-rich environment like the lungs, the iron atoms in hemoglobin bind to oxygen atoms.
Later, in oxygen-poor environments—a
calf
muscle working hard, a brow furrowed—iron atoms release their oxygen.
我们大多数人都知道铁在血液中的作用。四个铁原子可以构成血红蛋白分子，血红蛋白是红细胞中储存和运输氧气的蛋白质。每个细胞都需要氧气来燃烧燃料一般的葡萄糖，产生能量来完成细胞的工作。
翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~
随后，在缺氧的环境中——每当小腿肌肉用力，眉头皱起时——铁原子释放出它们的氧气。
The relationship of iron to our neurological development is startlingly specific. Children who don’t get enough iron in their first thousand days of life are likely to have a reduced attention span. They will be less able to grasp concepts. They will have greater irritability. They will be more socially withdrawn. They will have delays in language and motor skills.
铁元素与我们神经系统发育的关系极其明确。在出生后1000天内铁元素吸收不足的儿童很可能注意力集中时间较短。他们对概念的理解能力较低，更易怒，在社交上会更孤僻，在语言和运动能力方面发育迟缓。
For the
fetus
in the womb, iron deficiency increases the chances of a
premature birth
, low birth weight and birth
asphyxia
. For the pregnant mother, iron deficiency means a greater risk of infection, pre-eclampsia and bleeding. Worldwide, some 20 percent of maternal deaths are caused by
anemia
or a shortage of iron.
对子宫内的胎儿来说，缺铁会增加早产、出生体重不足和出生窒息的风险。对于怀孕的母亲，缺铁意味着感染、先兆子痫和出血的风险更大。在世界范围内，大约20%的孕产妇死亡是由贫血或缺铁引起的。
Some two billion people in the world don’t get enough iron in their diet. Our body can store some iron but not enough for what we need every day. We have to eat iron. We get this metal quickly when we eat meat and fish. Iron is also available in many vegetables, fruits, grains and dairy products. Complexly, though, our absorption of iron is easily inhibited.
世界上约有20亿人没有从饮食中获得足够的铁。我们的身体可以储存一些铁，但不足以满足我们的日常需要。我们必须摄入铁成分。我们吃肉和鱼时可以很快摄入这种金属。铁也存在于许多蔬菜、水果、谷物和乳制品中。但棘手的是，我们对铁的吸收很容易受到阻碍。
Take tea with your meal, and the
tannin
will reduce the iron available to you by a third. If you replace the tea with orange juice, the ascorbic acid will double your absorption of iron. Forget the percentages on
food labels
. Measuring the availability of iron in your diet is like the dreaded word problem in high school math, spun outby the teacher who never liked you.
吃饭时喝茶，单宁酸会使你可摄入的铁减少三分之一。如果你用橙汁代替茶，那么抗坏血酸会使你对铁的吸收增加一倍。忘记食品标签上的含量吧。测量饮食中铁的含量，就像一道一个从来不喜欢你的老师编出来的高中数学可怕应用题。
本文节选自：Scientific American（科学美国人）
发布时间：2021.05.21
作者：Sharman Apt Russell
原文标题：The Global Iron-Deficiency Crisis
