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They add that
the institution
at the centre of the row
— the University of Liverpool —
used
a metric based on citations
that is designed to evaluate large groups of researchers, rather than individuals.
他们还说，处于争议焦点的利物浦大学使用了一种基于引文的指标，而这种指标旨在评估大规模的研究人员群体，而不是个人。
that is designed...是对metric的解释说明
1.row: a serious disagreement between people, organizations, etc. about sth
复活节是一个西方的重要节日，在每年春分月圆之后第一个星期日。是基督教纪念耶稣被钉十字架受死后第三日复活的节日。复活节的节日象征包括复活节彩蛋和复活节兔。
Easter celebrates the
resurrection
of Jesus, who Christians believe was
raised back
to life three days after he was
crucified
. Easter also marks the end of Lent, which begins on
Ash Wednesday
in Western churches, six and a half weeks before Easter.
基督徒认为耶稣在被钉在十字架上三天后复活了，而复活节就是为了纪念耶稣复活。复活节也标志着大斋期的结束，大斋期从西方教会的圣灰节开始，离复活节有六个半星期。
Lent is a period of repentance and fasting before Easter. In modern times, during Lent many Catholics and other Christians choose to
forgo
certain pleasures, such as alcohol, chocolate or other foods. The act is done to promote self-control and focus on prayer and other spiritual matters in the lead up to Easter.
大斋期是复活节前忏悔和禁食的时间。在现代，在大斋节期间，许多天主教徒和其他基督徒选择放弃某些美食的乐趣，如酒精、巧克力或其他食物。这样做的目的是为了在复活节到来之前，促进自我克制，集中精力祈祷和其他精神事务。
Eggs came to symbolize the resurrection of Jesus and new life. Since the 12th century, meals marking the end of the fast during Lent included eggs as well as other foods such as ham, cheeses and bread. Eating eggs during Holy Week (the week falling between Palm Sunday and Easter) was banned by the church. The idea of labeling eggs laid during this week as "Holy Week" eggs is what led to the tradition of painting eggs on Easter. The use of painted Easter eggs was first recorded in the 13th century.
复活蛋象征着耶稣的复活和转生。从12世纪开始，标志着大斋期结束的食物包括鸡蛋以及其他食物，如火腿、奶酪和面包等。教堂禁止在圣周(棕枝主日和复活节之间的那一周)吃鸡蛋。人们会给这一周产下的蛋贴上“圣周”的标签，这一想法催生了复活节画蛋的传统。最早的复活节彩蛋记录在13世纪。
Rabbits are an ancient symbol of fertility and new life. But the exact origins of its associations with Easter are unclear. While the association began in Europe in the 17th century, it did not become common until the 19th century.
兔子是生育和新生命的古老象征。但是它与复活节联系的确切起源并不清楚。虽然这种联系始于17世纪的欧洲，但直到19世纪才开始普及。
The Easter Bunny is a
folklore
character known to lay eggs as well as decorate and hide them.
Some sources say the Easter Bunny tradition can be traced back to the 1700s when German immigrants arrived in Pennsylvania and introduced their tradition of the "Osterhase," an egg-laying
hare
.
Their children created nests in which the mythical creature could lay their decorated eggs.
复活节兔子是一个民间传说角色，他既会下蛋，也会装饰和藏蛋。
翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~
这种兔子的孩子们造了巢，让神话中的动物可以在里面产下他们装饰过的蛋。
本文节选自：Newsweek（新闻周刊）
发布时间：2021.03.20
作者：Newsweek
原文标题：When Is Easter 2021? A Brief History and Why We Celebrate
