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考研英语真题精读:专利保护面临的威胁|2010 Text 2

独霸上海的妖怪  · 公众号  ·  · 2019-04-28 09:01

正文


温故而知新



前两周我们精讲了考研英语一真题2010年Text 1
考研英语真题精读:报刊艺术评论的衰落|2010 Text 1(上)
考研英语真题精读:报刊艺术评论的衰落|2010 Text 1(下)

看到大家热烈的反馈,感觉所有的辛苦都值得了


我们这周开始讲2010 Text 2, 在讲第二篇文章之前,我们先来测试一下上一小节讲过的内容。


1.如何表达“与...大相径庭”(替换be very different from sth)



2.如何引出自己支持/反驳的观点?
支持:

反对:


3.除了have,还可以如何表达“拥有”美好的事物?



4.有哪些表示“递进关系”的逻辑连接副词?



如果你发现上周读的东西现在已经忘光了,别担心,直接戳 考研英语真题精读:报刊艺术评论的衰落|2010 Text 1 复习。

每讲完一整年的文章,我也会帮大家将语言点分类汇总,帮助大家大家复盘,考试拿高分!



食用指南



在正式开始阅读前,先教大家如何利用好这个专栏的内容。


如果你是 今明两年内 会参加 考研 的同学(而且还没有开始做真题),先不要阅读原文,直接阅读每个段落的”词汇讲解“部分,打好词汇基础。等到以后做完真题后,再打开本文,阅读语篇分析,查漏补缺。


如果你是 已考上研究生 今明两年内 不会参加 考研 的同学,可直接把这篇文章当做一篇普通的外刊文章来阅读。考研英语真题也选自原汁原味的外刊,并且有一定难度,跟下来也会对提高阅读理解能力大有裨益。


我们会从 词、句、篇 三个方面帮大家吃透考研阅读真题,采用 各大外刊最鲜 活的语料 刺激大家的记忆。除此之外,还会从考研阅读真题里 提炼写作地道表达和写作句型 ,手把手教大家 从输入 转为输出



真题原文


我们今天讲2010年 Text 2 的第一到二段。



(2010 Text 2) A pending threat to patents


Over the past decade, thousands of patents have seen granted for what are called business methods.Amazon com received one for its“one-click”online payment system Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy.One inventor patented a technique for liftng a box.

Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale hack on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz the U.S court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is “a very big deal” says Dermis'D, Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents”.





真题精读


(2010 Text 2) A pending threat to patents



by Lexie,没柴烧


Over the past decade , thousands of patents have been granted for what are calledbusiness methods. Amazon.com received one for its “one click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.

  • 📒 语篇分析:首段介绍过去商业方法专利的状况。① 句以时间状语Over the past decade引出过去商业方法专利的授予情况,为段落中心句 。②③④举例说明, 用Amazon.com, MerrillLynch, One inventor三个具体例 子论证①句。②句中代词 one 指代前一句出现的 patent ,实现了句间衔接。 legal protection与patent互为同义 替换。

  • thousands of sth 强调“许许多多” (an extremely large number of things or people) ,比如BBC一篇吐槽大学教师授课质量文章提到: Academics put thousands of hours of work into their books and much less time into thinking aboutthe effectiveness of their teaching style. hundreds of sth , hundreds of thousands of sth 等虚数都有强调数量之多的含义。

  • patent [ˈpætənt] 作名词指“专利,专利权”,比如 ◇P&G applied for a patent on its cookies. 宝洁公司为它的饼干申请专利权。

  • grant [grænt] 作动词义为“授予,给予,准予” (If someone in authority grants you something, or if something is granted to you, you are allowed to have it) ,相当于 give ◇It was a Labour government which granted independence to India and Pakistan. 是工党政府同意了印度和巴基斯坦的独立。

  • legal protection 与前文的 patent 为同义替换,专利权就是一种法律保护。 [同义替换]

  • asset allocation 指“资产配置”。 allocation [ˌæləˈkeɪʃən] 源自动词 allocate [ˈæləkeɪt]。

  • allocate 义为“分配;拨给” (to give something to someone as their share of a total amount, for them to use in a particular way) The government is allocating 10 million RMB for health education. 政府将拨出1000万人民币作为健康教育经费。

  • “one click” online payment system . 指亚马逊公司的“一键式”在线支付系统。“一键式”指的是顾客可以直接选中商品后直接购买,无须经过“添加到购物车—到购物车选择—填写运输方式、发票信息—付款”的过程(如下图)


  • click 指“点击”,如果你想形容某事触手可及,只用点一下鼠标就能获得,可用 sth is just one click away. 来表达,常用于论述某科技的发展让我们的生活更加方便,比如谈到在线教育,我们可以说: With the rise of online learning, knowledge is just one click away . 再比如谈到电子商务,我们可以说 As e-commerce advances, shopping is just one click away. [写作推荐]

  • patent 既可作名词表示“专利权”,也可以作动词表示“得到…的专利权”,比如 He patented the idea that the atom could be split. 他获得了“原子可以再分”这一概念的专利权。

  • patent 还可作形容词表示“明显的,赤裸裸的” (used to emphasize that sth bad is very clear and obvious) 比如 a patent lie 赤裸裸的谎言。 [熟词僻义]

  • technique [tekˈniːk] 指“技术,方法” (a special way of doing something) ,比如《金融时报》一篇讨论中国电动汽车发展的文章提到: China learns techniques from the west but adapts them for the local culture. 中国学习西方的方法,但使其适应国情。

  • lift 指“提;抬;举” (If you lift something, you move it to another position, especially upwards) 比如 Sophie lifted the phone before the second ring. 铃响了一下苏菲就接起了电话。 lift 也可作名词,除了表示“电梯”,也可表示“搭便车”。


过去十年,数以千计所谓的“商业方法”被授予专利权。亚马逊通过其“一键式”在线支付系统获得了专利权。美林证券的资产配置策略获得了法律保护。一位发明家取得了一项提箱子的技术专利。




Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz , th e U.S. court of Appeals for the federal circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski , as the case is known , is “a very big deal ”,says Dennis’D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “ has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”

  • 📒语篇分析:第二段阐述现在法院有意收紧商业方法的专利认定。①句以 now 开头,叙述当前的情况,与第一段 Over the past decade 形成对比。②句说明专利法庭的具体做法,短语 in a move that… 表明这是具体的举措。③④以 re Bilski 为例,阐述法院举措的影响。

  • ✏️ 今昔对比是考研阅读文章以及外刊文章常见的开头方式,文章开头出现了过去的时间状语 Over the past decade ,后面往往会以表示现在的时间状语 now ,或转折词 but , however , yet , unfortunately in fact 等引出目前的情况,往往这些词后面才是作者真正的观点。

  • appear 这里为系动词,用法与 be 动词相同, 表示“似乎,好像,显得”。 ◇She did her best to appear more self-assured than she felt. 她竭力让自己表现得比实际更自信。

  • scale back / down on sth 义为“缩减,缩小” (make sth smaller in size, amount, or extent than it used to be) ,相当于 reduce

  • 反义词 scale sth up 义为“增加,增大” (to increase the size, amount or importance of something, usually an organization or process) My company is scaling up its operations in the Middle East. 我公司正在扩大中东的业务。

  • controversial 义为“引起争论的;有争议的” (causing a lot of angry public discussion and disagreement) ,名词形式为 controversy ,指“争论,争议”

  • ever since 表示“自从,打…以后一直” (If something has been the case ever since a particular time, it has been the case all the time from then until now) 后面可以跟一个句子表示时间,如 Ever since we moved last year, I worry a lot about whether I can handle this new job. 自从去年我们搬家,我就一直非常担心能否做好这份新工作。 ever since 也可以整体当作副词,做时间状语,如 I simply gave in to him, and I've regretted it ever since. 我居然向他让步了,后来我一直为此后悔不已。

  • authorize 义为“批准;授权;许可” (If someone in a position of authority authorizes something, they give their official permission for it to happen.) We are willing to authorize the president to use force if necessary.







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